1 00:00:00,000 --> 00:00:07,240 Tonight, the world's most enduring deep sea monster 2 00:00:07,280 --> 00:00:08,240 mystery. 3 00:00:08,280 --> 00:00:10,620 I saw the head, the neck, and the huge body, 4 00:00:10,640 --> 00:00:13,080 which I'd say was about 30 feet long. 5 00:00:13,120 --> 00:00:16,320 We are talking about thousands of sightings, 6 00:00:16,360 --> 00:00:18,220 and that's a conservative estimate. 7 00:00:18,260 --> 00:00:22,820 It could be tens of thousands over the course of 1,500 years. 8 00:00:22,860 --> 00:00:24,700 Despite so many sightings, the beast 9 00:00:24,720 --> 00:00:26,900 remains unidentified. 10 00:00:26,940 --> 00:00:29,240 There are millions of species that we 11 00:00:29,280 --> 00:00:31,080 haven't found or classified yet. 12 00:00:31,120 --> 00:00:34,280 There's stuff out there that we don't know anything about. 13 00:00:34,320 --> 00:00:36,320 As far as we can tell, nobody has ever 14 00:00:36,340 --> 00:00:39,580 captured a Loch Ness monster. 15 00:00:39,620 --> 00:00:42,280 Now we'll explore the top theories surrounding 16 00:00:42,320 --> 00:00:45,260 this elusive creature. 17 00:00:45,300 --> 00:00:47,300 Hey, maybe it's a plesiosaur. 18 00:00:47,320 --> 00:00:49,860 What about the thing that washed up in Stranse, 19 00:00:49,900 --> 00:00:52,260 or the similar lake monster in Sweden? 20 00:00:52,300 --> 00:00:54,400 There are tons of eels in Loch Ness. 21 00:00:54,440 --> 00:00:58,540 Is it possible that there is a gigantic eel? 22 00:00:58,940 --> 00:01:01,140 Many people still believe it's real. 23 00:01:01,180 --> 00:01:03,340 Does the Loch Ness monster exist? 24 00:01:03,380 --> 00:01:05,680 And if so, what is it? 25 00:01:05,680 --> 00:01:06,680 What is it? 26 00:01:22,720 --> 00:01:27,600 Northern Scotland, August, 564 AD. 27 00:01:27,620 --> 00:01:31,300 According to legend, an Irish monk named Colomba 28 00:01:31,340 --> 00:01:34,500 is attempting to cross the River Ness with a group 29 00:01:34,500 --> 00:01:38,060 of two men they stumble upon two men, burying a friend. 30 00:01:38,100 --> 00:01:40,460 This man had just been swimming when he was attacked 31 00:01:40,500 --> 00:01:43,360 by an enormous water beast. 32 00:01:43,400 --> 00:01:45,300 You would think that after that exchange, 33 00:01:45,340 --> 00:01:47,940 the monks would try to find a different river crossing, 34 00:01:47,980 --> 00:01:50,180 but Colomba stays undeterred. 35 00:01:50,200 --> 00:01:51,980 Maybe he didn't believe the locals, 36 00:01:52,020 --> 00:01:56,480 or he just thought that his faith will protect him. 37 00:01:56,520 --> 00:01:59,320 He orders another monk to swim across and retrieve 38 00:01:59,360 --> 00:02:01,820 a small boat. 39 00:02:01,860 --> 00:02:03,760 As this monk gets about halfway across, 40 00:02:03,820 --> 00:02:05,960 the creature suddenly appears out of the water 41 00:02:05,980 --> 00:02:07,660 and gives a giant, bell-wing roar. 42 00:02:11,160 --> 00:02:14,860 Everyone panics, with the exception of Colomba. 43 00:02:14,900 --> 00:02:17,060 He steps right up to the edge of the bank, 44 00:02:17,100 --> 00:02:19,500 makes a sign of the cross, and demands the monster 45 00:02:19,540 --> 00:02:21,060 leave the man alone. 46 00:02:21,100 --> 00:02:24,580 The creature supposedly obeys. 47 00:02:24,600 --> 00:02:28,540 To the witnesses on shore, it is nothing short of a miracle. 48 00:02:28,580 --> 00:02:30,940 Colomba eventually achieves sainthood, 49 00:02:30,960 --> 00:02:33,200 and this tale is supporting evidence 50 00:02:33,240 --> 00:02:36,000 for his faith and abilities. 51 00:02:36,040 --> 00:02:39,100 And this story is retold for years to come. 52 00:02:39,140 --> 00:02:42,000 Debate continues for centuries. 53 00:02:42,040 --> 00:02:46,480 What could this mysterious creature actually be? 54 00:02:46,520 --> 00:02:49,520 In Colomba's time, and continuing for several centuries 55 00:02:49,560 --> 00:02:52,020 after, through the Middle Ages, dragons 56 00:02:52,060 --> 00:02:54,120 are still believed to be real. 57 00:02:54,160 --> 00:02:57,860 And so many people think this is some sort of sea dragon. 58 00:02:57,980 --> 00:03:01,860 But nobody has any concrete evidence of what it is, 59 00:03:01,880 --> 00:03:03,960 or if it even truly exists. 60 00:03:03,980 --> 00:03:05,820 It remains an essentially local legend 61 00:03:05,860 --> 00:03:07,660 for quite some time. 62 00:03:07,700 --> 00:03:12,200 Then, in the 20th century, new visitors flocked to the Highlands, 63 00:03:12,240 --> 00:03:16,600 thanks to one remarkable invention, the automobile. 64 00:03:16,640 --> 00:03:20,140 By the early 1930s, there's a road built along the shore 65 00:03:20,180 --> 00:03:22,040 of Loch Ness. 66 00:03:22,080 --> 00:03:25,340 One afternoon, in 1931, a local couple 67 00:03:25,360 --> 00:03:30,400 were driving along there when they spotted a large animal. 68 00:03:30,440 --> 00:03:35,440 It was rolling and plunging on the surface of Loch Ness. 69 00:03:35,480 --> 00:03:37,340 Immediately, they report their experience 70 00:03:37,380 --> 00:03:39,340 to the local papers. 71 00:03:39,380 --> 00:03:41,340 When published, their story uses 72 00:03:41,380 --> 00:03:44,720 the now-famous keyword monster. 73 00:03:44,760 --> 00:03:49,720 The Loch Ness Monster, a name that soon spreads far and wide. 74 00:03:49,760 --> 00:03:52,160 Now, all of a sudden, the tourists 75 00:03:52,200 --> 00:03:54,460 are not coming to see the beautiful lake 76 00:03:54,580 --> 00:03:55,580 in the rolling hills. 77 00:03:55,620 --> 00:03:59,120 They are coming to see the monster, who is soon 78 00:03:59,160 --> 00:04:02,320 lovingly called Nessie. 79 00:04:02,360 --> 00:04:03,260 And guess what? 80 00:04:03,300 --> 00:04:04,760 They are spotting it all right. 81 00:04:04,800 --> 00:04:07,760 They are spotting it in droves. 82 00:04:07,800 --> 00:04:10,800 Soon, there are more eyewitness accounts of Nessie, 83 00:04:10,840 --> 00:04:13,040 and they seem convincing. 84 00:04:13,080 --> 00:04:16,380 I saw a large object that came right out of the water 85 00:04:16,400 --> 00:04:17,540 in front of me. 86 00:04:17,580 --> 00:04:20,920 I was waiting in the river fishing with fly fishing. 87 00:04:20,940 --> 00:04:24,080 The best view I ever had was the very first in 1934. 88 00:04:24,200 --> 00:04:26,700 I saw the head, the neck, and the huge body, 89 00:04:26,740 --> 00:04:29,440 which I'd say was about 30 feet long. 90 00:04:29,480 --> 00:04:32,480 Each new glimpse brings fresh secrets, 91 00:04:32,520 --> 00:04:34,880 all with the latest technology. 92 00:04:34,920 --> 00:04:37,180 We shouldn't have to wait long before somebody captures it 93 00:04:37,220 --> 00:04:40,620 on film, and then we're bound to know what it is. 94 00:04:40,660 --> 00:04:45,160 In April of 1934, that finally happens, 95 00:04:45,200 --> 00:04:47,760 and it becomes front-page news. 96 00:04:47,800 --> 00:04:51,440 A gynecologist from London named Robert Kenneth Wilson 97 00:04:51,460 --> 00:04:54,160 went on a fishing trip over there to Northern Scotland 98 00:04:54,200 --> 00:04:56,200 when he decided to go for a walk. 99 00:04:56,240 --> 00:04:58,840 During his stroll, that's when he spotted something 100 00:04:58,880 --> 00:05:00,300 unusual in the water. 101 00:05:00,340 --> 00:05:03,280 Luckily, he had his camera, and he snapped a picture. 102 00:05:03,320 --> 00:05:08,780 And there we have it, probably the first photograph of Nessie. 103 00:05:08,820 --> 00:05:13,960 Known as the surgeon's photo, the image causes quite a stir. 104 00:05:13,980 --> 00:05:17,600 Shows a silhouetted creature with a long slender neck, 105 00:05:17,620 --> 00:05:20,720 a small head, and a large body emerging slightly 106 00:05:20,840 --> 00:05:22,680 above the waterline. 107 00:05:22,720 --> 00:05:23,880 This is amazing. 108 00:05:23,920 --> 00:05:25,320 We finally have some visual evidence 109 00:05:25,340 --> 00:05:27,680 to back up these eyewitness accounts. 110 00:05:27,720 --> 00:05:29,580 And not only that, some experts think 111 00:05:29,620 --> 00:05:31,920 they can identify this animal. 112 00:05:31,960 --> 00:05:34,660 The creature's shape also strikes a chord 113 00:05:34,700 --> 00:05:36,600 with British pailing intelligence. 114 00:05:36,620 --> 00:05:39,700 So what particular species do you think it is? 115 00:05:39,740 --> 00:05:43,540 The evidence, as I interpreted, all fits. 116 00:05:43,560 --> 00:05:45,540 And I know this is a fantastic statement, 117 00:05:45,580 --> 00:05:47,500 but this all fits, plethora, so on. 118 00:05:51,680 --> 00:05:53,820 Pleasiosaurus are a marine reptile 119 00:05:53,840 --> 00:05:56,120 dating back millions of years. 120 00:05:56,140 --> 00:05:59,380 Their fossils were first discovered in 1823 121 00:05:59,420 --> 00:06:01,820 during a dig in England. 122 00:06:01,860 --> 00:06:05,960 Fossil hunter Mary Anning actually uncovered 123 00:06:05,980 --> 00:06:12,160 a nearly complete skeleton of a previously unknown species. 124 00:06:12,200 --> 00:06:15,500 It is given the name Pleasiosaurus, 125 00:06:15,540 --> 00:06:18,300 meaning near to reptile. 126 00:06:18,320 --> 00:06:20,960 Pleasiosaurus fossils have been found around the world, 127 00:06:21,000 --> 00:06:24,560 but a major cluster of them comes from here in Scotland. 128 00:06:24,600 --> 00:06:27,660 We're talking about hundreds of specimens. 129 00:06:27,700 --> 00:06:32,100 This was, at least at one time, this creature's main habitat. 130 00:06:32,140 --> 00:06:34,000 These fossils show that the Pleasiosaurus 131 00:06:34,040 --> 00:06:38,640 was an enormous water-dwelling creature over 20 feet long. 132 00:06:38,680 --> 00:06:42,040 They had broad, flat bodies with short tails. 133 00:06:42,080 --> 00:06:44,280 Their limbs had evolved into four long flippers 134 00:06:44,320 --> 00:06:47,520 that propelled them through the water in a flying motion. 135 00:06:47,640 --> 00:06:50,220 They breathed air, and so they would constantly 136 00:06:50,240 --> 00:06:52,820 have to come to the surface for oxygen. 137 00:06:52,840 --> 00:06:56,820 Most notably, they had long, thin necks. 138 00:06:56,840 --> 00:07:00,620 The surgeon's photograph happens to fit that to AT. 139 00:07:00,660 --> 00:07:05,420 And coincidentally, so do most of the witness statements. 140 00:07:05,460 --> 00:07:08,760 Though some believe Nessie could be a Pleasiosaur, 141 00:07:08,800 --> 00:07:11,860 the theory has one major flaw. 142 00:07:11,900 --> 00:07:14,300 Scientists believe that a mass extinction event 143 00:07:14,340 --> 00:07:16,500 about 65 and a half million years ago 144 00:07:16,520 --> 00:07:19,460 killed about 75% of all species on Earth, 145 00:07:19,500 --> 00:07:22,020 including dinosaurs and Pleasiosaurus. 146 00:07:22,060 --> 00:07:25,000 A Pleasiosaur should not be inhabiting these waters today 147 00:07:25,040 --> 00:07:28,360 in St. Columbus time or any time during human existence. 148 00:07:28,400 --> 00:07:30,260 They're supposed to be extinct. 149 00:07:30,300 --> 00:07:33,900 But is it possible the Pleasiosaurus somehow survived? 150 00:07:33,940 --> 00:07:37,000 When we say that 75% of the creatures 151 00:07:37,040 --> 00:07:40,280 did not survive the last mass extinction event, 152 00:07:40,320 --> 00:07:42,880 that means that 25% did survive. 153 00:07:42,900 --> 00:07:46,600 So platypuses, turtles, crocodiles, 154 00:07:46,640 --> 00:07:49,780 all kinds of animals actually did survive that event. 155 00:07:49,800 --> 00:07:53,340 Scientists point to a fish long thought to be extinct 156 00:07:53,380 --> 00:07:55,140 as an example. 157 00:07:55,180 --> 00:08:00,680 The Silicanth, discovered alive in 1938 in South Africa. 158 00:08:00,720 --> 00:08:02,480 The entire scientific community believes 159 00:08:02,520 --> 00:08:05,920 that the Silicanth dies off 66 million years ago. 160 00:08:05,960 --> 00:08:07,960 There are no fossils after that. 161 00:08:07,980 --> 00:08:10,800 It's the same time as the Pleasiosaur. 162 00:08:10,920 --> 00:08:13,720 If the Silicanth can still be swimming around out there, 163 00:08:13,760 --> 00:08:16,060 what's to say that a small number of Pleasiosaur 164 00:08:16,100 --> 00:08:18,800 couldn't have somehow avoided extinction too? 165 00:08:18,840 --> 00:08:23,640 But to many, the Pleasiosaur theory remains too far fetched. 166 00:08:23,680 --> 00:08:25,220 The fact that they breathe air could account 167 00:08:25,260 --> 00:08:27,160 for the animal being sighted at the surface, 168 00:08:27,200 --> 00:08:28,600 but I actually think that's evidence 169 00:08:28,640 --> 00:08:30,720 against Nessie being a Pleasiosaur. 170 00:08:30,760 --> 00:08:32,720 Because it would have to surface all the time, 171 00:08:32,760 --> 00:08:36,120 if that were the case, we'd have so many more photos and videos. 172 00:08:36,160 --> 00:08:38,120 One would have probably already been caught 173 00:08:38,160 --> 00:08:39,760 and put into zoo by now. 174 00:08:39,760 --> 00:08:44,220 Plus, a creature as big as a 20-foot-long Pleasiosaurus 175 00:08:44,260 --> 00:08:48,920 would need a lot of food to sustain itself. 176 00:08:48,960 --> 00:08:51,920 There's just not enough of a food source for a massive beast, 177 00:08:51,960 --> 00:08:53,800 let alone a community of them, 178 00:08:53,840 --> 00:08:56,180 which there would have to be in order for this species 179 00:08:56,220 --> 00:08:58,220 to survive this long. 180 00:08:58,260 --> 00:09:01,760 And honestly, the Pleasiosaur theory 181 00:09:01,800 --> 00:09:04,220 only hangs on the one photograph. 182 00:09:04,260 --> 00:09:06,520 Before the surgeon's photo is published, 183 00:09:06,560 --> 00:09:09,720 absolutely nobody thinks it's a Pleasiosaur. 184 00:09:10,760 --> 00:09:12,760 This is the first one. 185 00:09:12,760 --> 00:09:15,760 The first photo of the supposed Loch Ness monster 186 00:09:15,800 --> 00:09:18,800 insights public frenzy and a torrent of tourists 187 00:09:18,840 --> 00:09:20,680 looking for Nessie, 188 00:09:20,720 --> 00:09:22,720 but not everyone believes the image 189 00:09:22,760 --> 00:09:25,760 known as the surgeon's photo is authentic. 190 00:09:25,800 --> 00:09:27,760 Dr. R. Kenneth Wilson, 191 00:09:27,800 --> 00:09:29,800 who submits this photo to the Daily Mail, 192 00:09:29,840 --> 00:09:31,760 claims that it's real. 193 00:09:31,800 --> 00:09:32,760 But others say, hold on, 194 00:09:32,800 --> 00:09:35,760 this is an elephant's trunk rising out of the water, 195 00:09:35,800 --> 00:09:37,760 but it's not. 196 00:09:37,760 --> 00:09:39,760 It's an elephant's trunk rising out of the water, 197 00:09:39,800 --> 00:09:42,760 or maybe it's a dolphin's fin or something else. 198 00:09:42,800 --> 00:09:45,760 What we do know is that the photo that's published 199 00:09:45,800 --> 00:09:47,760 is substantially cropped and zoomed in, 200 00:09:47,800 --> 00:09:50,760 which blurs the shape of the creature a bit 201 00:09:50,800 --> 00:09:53,760 and skews any sense of scale or perspective. 202 00:09:53,800 --> 00:09:55,760 But when some experts go back and examine 203 00:09:55,800 --> 00:09:57,760 the original uncropped photo, 204 00:09:57,800 --> 00:09:59,760 they see something entirely different. 205 00:09:59,800 --> 00:10:01,760 Seeing the uncropped version 206 00:10:01,800 --> 00:10:03,760 changes their perspective completely. 207 00:10:03,800 --> 00:10:06,760 They believe that whatever this beast is in the water 208 00:10:06,760 --> 00:10:08,760 isn't anywhere near 20 feet long. 209 00:10:08,800 --> 00:10:11,760 It's maybe three feet long at the most. 210 00:10:11,800 --> 00:10:15,760 Is it possible that the most famous photo of Nessie 211 00:10:15,800 --> 00:10:17,760 is somehow doctor? 212 00:10:19,760 --> 00:10:21,760 People question the authenticity 213 00:10:21,800 --> 00:10:25,760 the moment this photo comes out in 1934. 214 00:10:25,800 --> 00:10:29,760 But many people still believe this thing is real. 215 00:10:29,800 --> 00:10:32,760 And there is no definitive proof otherwise. 216 00:10:32,800 --> 00:10:34,760 Then in 1994, 217 00:10:34,760 --> 00:10:37,760 the photo's whole provenance comes into question. 218 00:10:37,800 --> 00:10:39,760 Thanks to a deathbed confession 219 00:10:39,800 --> 00:10:41,760 by a man named Christian Sperling. 220 00:10:41,800 --> 00:10:43,760 He claims that in 1933, 221 00:10:43,800 --> 00:10:46,760 his stepfather was hired by the Daily Mail 222 00:10:46,800 --> 00:10:48,760 to find evidence of the Loch Ness monster. 223 00:10:48,800 --> 00:10:52,760 Sperling is the stepson of a big game hunter and filmmaker 224 00:10:52,800 --> 00:10:54,760 named Marmaduke Duke Weatherall. 225 00:10:54,800 --> 00:10:57,760 So Duke goes on this expedition to Scotland, 226 00:10:57,800 --> 00:10:59,760 and it doesn't take him long 227 00:10:59,800 --> 00:11:01,760 to find these really large animal tracks 228 00:11:01,800 --> 00:11:02,760 near the banks of the Loch. 229 00:11:02,760 --> 00:11:04,760 Judging from the size of the footprints, 230 00:11:04,800 --> 00:11:08,760 Duke estimates the animal to be at least 20 feet long. 231 00:11:08,800 --> 00:11:11,760 Weatherall sends plaster casts of the tracks 232 00:11:11,800 --> 00:11:13,760 to a London museum. 233 00:11:13,800 --> 00:11:15,760 When the results came back, 234 00:11:15,800 --> 00:11:17,760 they find that the tracks didn't come from a monster, 235 00:11:17,800 --> 00:11:21,760 but they came from a hippo. 236 00:11:23,760 --> 00:11:25,760 It sounds unusual because we all know 237 00:11:25,800 --> 00:11:28,760 that hippos do not come from that area. 238 00:11:28,800 --> 00:11:30,760 But back then, hippos feet were used 239 00:11:30,760 --> 00:11:33,760 as umbrella holders and ashtrays, 240 00:11:33,800 --> 00:11:36,760 so it wasn't that uncommon. 241 00:11:36,800 --> 00:11:38,760 So one of two things is happening here. 242 00:11:38,800 --> 00:11:40,760 Either Duke faked the tracks, 243 00:11:40,800 --> 00:11:42,760 or someone was fooling him. 244 00:11:42,800 --> 00:11:44,760 The Daily Mail is not happy about either of these options, 245 00:11:44,800 --> 00:11:47,760 so the paper publicly ridicules him. 246 00:11:47,800 --> 00:11:49,760 According to Sperling's confession, 247 00:11:49,800 --> 00:11:53,760 Weatherall concocts a scheme to save his reputation. 248 00:11:53,800 --> 00:11:55,760 Duke goes to his stepson, 249 00:11:55,800 --> 00:11:57,760 who happens to be a model maker, 250 00:11:57,800 --> 00:11:59,760 and asks him to fabricate something 251 00:11:59,760 --> 00:12:02,760 that looks like the eyewitness descriptions of the beast. 252 00:12:02,800 --> 00:12:05,760 So using plastic, wood, and a toy submarine, 253 00:12:05,800 --> 00:12:08,760 they create this model of a creature with a long neck 254 00:12:08,800 --> 00:12:10,760 and a small head. 255 00:12:10,800 --> 00:12:13,760 And then Duke goes to the lock with his other son 256 00:12:13,800 --> 00:12:16,760 and creates that iconic photograph. 257 00:12:16,800 --> 00:12:19,760 But in reality, it's just a picture of the model 258 00:12:19,800 --> 00:12:21,760 floating in the water. 259 00:12:21,800 --> 00:12:26,760 Now, Weatherall just needs a way to make the photo public. 260 00:12:26,800 --> 00:12:28,760 The perfect solution. 261 00:12:28,760 --> 00:12:31,760 The surgeon, Dr. R. Kenneth Wilson. 262 00:12:31,800 --> 00:12:34,800 Duke realizes the best way he could pull this off 263 00:12:34,840 --> 00:12:36,800 is if he finds someone trustworthy 264 00:12:36,840 --> 00:12:38,800 who can claim the photo as their own. 265 00:12:38,840 --> 00:12:40,800 So he passes the photo on to Wilson, 266 00:12:40,840 --> 00:12:44,800 the very same surgeon who publicizes the infamous photo. 267 00:12:44,840 --> 00:12:46,800 The surgeon's photo is really a game changer. 268 00:12:46,840 --> 00:12:49,800 It unleashes a torrent of tourism 269 00:12:49,840 --> 00:12:52,800 that still is going on till this day. 270 00:12:52,840 --> 00:12:56,800 Over the years, there are more fake photos of Nessie. 271 00:12:56,800 --> 00:12:59,840 All of them eventually debunked. 272 00:12:59,880 --> 00:13:02,840 Then in 2016, there's suddenly new evidence 273 00:13:02,880 --> 00:13:05,840 that suggests the monster could be real. 274 00:13:05,880 --> 00:13:07,840 Researchers from Kongsburg Maritime 275 00:13:07,880 --> 00:13:10,840 send an underwater drone deep into the lock 276 00:13:10,880 --> 00:13:12,840 to search for any evidence of the monster. 277 00:13:12,880 --> 00:13:16,840 And surprisingly, the sonar returns images of something 278 00:13:16,880 --> 00:13:20,840 that has the shape of the monster's head and neck. 279 00:13:20,880 --> 00:13:23,840 At first, this is big news. 280 00:13:23,880 --> 00:13:27,880 Until it's determined to be a prop from a movie. 281 00:13:27,920 --> 00:13:31,880 In 1969, a Sherlock Holmes movie was shot at the lock. 282 00:13:31,920 --> 00:13:33,880 In the movie, there's a scene where the Loch Ness monster 283 00:13:33,920 --> 00:13:35,880 attacks the heroes. 284 00:13:35,920 --> 00:13:37,880 But during the filming, director Billy Wilder 285 00:13:37,920 --> 00:13:39,880 takes a look at the monster prop 286 00:13:39,920 --> 00:13:41,880 and decides he does not like the humps on the back. 287 00:13:41,920 --> 00:13:43,880 So they remove the humps 288 00:13:43,920 --> 00:13:45,880 and accidentally cause the prop to sink 289 00:13:45,920 --> 00:13:47,880 to the bottom of the lock. 290 00:13:47,920 --> 00:13:51,880 There's a lot of fakery surrounding the Loch Ness monster. 291 00:13:51,920 --> 00:13:54,920 People love getting their 15 minutes of fame from this. 292 00:13:54,960 --> 00:13:58,920 Every Nessie sighting gets attention. 293 00:13:58,960 --> 00:14:00,920 And people love getting attention. 294 00:14:00,960 --> 00:14:03,920 But the sheer volume of sightings throughout time 295 00:14:03,960 --> 00:14:06,920 convinced many that Nessie is real. 296 00:14:06,960 --> 00:14:09,920 We are talking about thousands of sightings. 297 00:14:09,960 --> 00:14:11,920 And that's a conservative estimate. 298 00:14:11,960 --> 00:14:13,920 It could be tens of thousands 299 00:14:13,960 --> 00:14:16,920 over the course of 1,500 years. 300 00:14:16,960 --> 00:14:18,920 Before cameras, before Photoshop, 301 00:14:18,960 --> 00:14:20,920 before robotic toys, submarines, 302 00:14:20,920 --> 00:14:23,960 sure, a few dozen sightings may be fake. 303 00:14:24,000 --> 00:14:26,960 But all of them? No way. 304 00:14:27,000 --> 00:14:29,960 A key piece of evidence for believers. 305 00:14:30,000 --> 00:14:33,960 A discovery in 1808 on the Scottish Island of Stronse, 306 00:14:34,000 --> 00:14:37,960 just 120 miles from Loch Ness. 307 00:14:38,000 --> 00:14:40,960 According to eyewitnesses, the corpse of a strange animal 308 00:14:41,000 --> 00:14:44,960 washes up on the beach and a crowd gathers to see it. 309 00:14:45,000 --> 00:14:48,960 It's the rotting carcass of an enormous unidentified sea beast, 310 00:14:49,040 --> 00:14:52,000 and the locals have never seen anything like this. 311 00:14:52,040 --> 00:14:55,000 Eyewitnesses call it the Stronse beast 312 00:14:55,040 --> 00:14:57,000 and describe it as having a serpentine-like body 313 00:14:57,040 --> 00:15:01,000 with a long neck and six limbs that resemble paws. 314 00:15:01,040 --> 00:15:03,000 They say its head is small like a sheep's 315 00:15:03,040 --> 00:15:06,000 and its eyes are similar to a seal's, but bigger. 316 00:15:06,040 --> 00:15:08,000 It has some short hairs around its head and neck 317 00:15:08,040 --> 00:15:11,000 and skin that is rough to the touch and grayish in color. 318 00:15:11,040 --> 00:15:14,000 The measurements they take show how gigantic 319 00:15:14,040 --> 00:15:16,000 this thing actually is. 320 00:15:16,040 --> 00:15:20,040 It's 55 feet long with its neck alone measuring 10 feet. 321 00:15:20,080 --> 00:15:22,040 Authorities document the creature 322 00:15:22,080 --> 00:15:24,040 and take sworn witness statements. 323 00:15:24,080 --> 00:15:28,040 This is the early 19th century, so they can't photograph it. 324 00:15:28,080 --> 00:15:30,040 But they also know the story won't be believed, 325 00:15:30,080 --> 00:15:32,040 so they need to prove it somehow. 326 00:15:32,080 --> 00:15:35,040 So they bring all the eyewitnesses to the Capitol, 327 00:15:35,080 --> 00:15:37,040 where they can swear before a magistrate 328 00:15:37,080 --> 00:15:39,040 that what they saw is the truth. 329 00:15:39,080 --> 00:15:43,040 We still have these records along with drawings that they made. 330 00:15:43,080 --> 00:15:45,080 The conch is quickly decomposing, 331 00:15:45,120 --> 00:15:47,080 and they lack the right equipment to transport 332 00:15:47,120 --> 00:15:49,080 or preserve this massive animal, 333 00:15:49,120 --> 00:15:52,080 but they do take samples of the specimen. 334 00:15:52,120 --> 00:15:56,080 The skull is saved and sent to London for further examination. 335 00:15:56,120 --> 00:16:00,080 But unfortunately, it's destroyed during the Blitz in World War II. 336 00:16:01,080 --> 00:16:03,080 The vertebrae, on the other hand, 337 00:16:03,120 --> 00:16:05,080 are sent to leading anatomist John Barclay 338 00:16:05,120 --> 00:16:08,080 from Edinburgh's most successful school of anatomy. 339 00:16:08,120 --> 00:16:11,080 He concludes that this is unlike any other creature he's ever seen, 340 00:16:11,080 --> 00:16:15,120 opening the door to the possibility that this is a new found species. 341 00:16:15,160 --> 00:16:18,120 The connexion isn't initially made to the Loch Ness monster, 342 00:16:18,160 --> 00:16:21,120 because it's not the 1930s yet, 343 00:16:21,160 --> 00:16:24,120 so Nessie Fever has not swept the nation. 344 00:16:24,160 --> 00:16:26,120 The legendary creature is not famous yet. 345 00:16:26,160 --> 00:16:28,120 But once it becomes famous, 346 00:16:28,160 --> 00:16:30,120 theorists realize, 347 00:16:30,160 --> 00:16:33,120 hold on, this might be the same animal. 348 00:16:33,160 --> 00:16:37,120 The fact that Stranse is just 120 miles from Loch Ness 349 00:16:37,160 --> 00:16:39,120 earns extra attention. 350 00:16:39,160 --> 00:16:41,160 And the physical description of the two creatures 351 00:16:41,200 --> 00:16:43,160 is strikingly similar. 352 00:16:43,200 --> 00:16:45,160 Gray skin, long neck, 353 00:16:45,200 --> 00:16:48,160 some kind of flipper-like appendages, small head. 354 00:16:48,200 --> 00:16:51,160 The only real major difference, I would say, is the size. 355 00:16:51,200 --> 00:16:54,160 The Stranse beast, according to those eyewitnesses, 356 00:16:54,200 --> 00:16:57,160 is much larger than anyone has ever claimed 357 00:16:57,200 --> 00:16:58,160 the Loch Ness monster to be. 358 00:16:58,200 --> 00:17:00,160 Nearly twice the size. 359 00:17:00,200 --> 00:17:03,160 That doesn't necessarily rule out the same species, though. 360 00:17:03,200 --> 00:17:05,160 Perhaps Nessie is just smaller. 361 00:17:05,200 --> 00:17:08,160 Or there's an even more compelling idea. 362 00:17:08,200 --> 00:17:11,200 What if the creature in Loch Ness is a younger specimen? 363 00:17:11,240 --> 00:17:13,200 What if the Loch is where these animals breed? 364 00:17:13,240 --> 00:17:15,200 It certainly happens. 365 00:17:15,240 --> 00:17:17,200 Sam and Swim in all the way from the North Sea 366 00:17:17,240 --> 00:17:20,200 and breed in the River Ness and the Loch. 367 00:17:20,240 --> 00:17:22,200 It's an annual event. 368 00:17:22,240 --> 00:17:26,200 This may also explain the inconsistency of sightings. 369 00:17:26,240 --> 00:17:28,200 If that's the case, the animal breeds 370 00:17:28,240 --> 00:17:30,200 and raises its young in the Loch, 371 00:17:30,240 --> 00:17:32,200 but then it migrates out into the sea. 372 00:17:32,240 --> 00:17:34,200 So the reason people don't see it all that often 373 00:17:34,240 --> 00:17:36,200 is because it doesn't live in Loch Ness full-time. 374 00:17:36,240 --> 00:17:37,240 It's possible. 375 00:17:37,280 --> 00:17:40,240 Loch Ness and Stranse are actually connected by water. 376 00:17:40,280 --> 00:17:43,240 Both the Caledonian Canal and the River Ness 377 00:17:43,280 --> 00:17:45,240 connect the Loch to Rosemarke Bay. 378 00:17:45,280 --> 00:17:47,240 And ultimately, the North Sea. 379 00:17:47,280 --> 00:17:50,240 So it's entirely possible that whatever washed up 380 00:17:50,280 --> 00:17:52,240 on the Isle of Stranse 381 00:17:52,280 --> 00:17:55,240 is the same species as the Loch Ness monster. 382 00:17:59,240 --> 00:18:01,240 If the Loch Ness monster exists, 383 00:18:01,280 --> 00:18:05,240 the waters it lives in remain largely unexplored. 384 00:18:05,280 --> 00:18:07,280 But as marine science evolves, 385 00:18:07,320 --> 00:18:10,280 new theories emerge about what Nessie might be. 386 00:18:10,320 --> 00:18:13,280 Over time, modern technology has allowed scientists 387 00:18:13,320 --> 00:18:17,280 to dive deeper into bodies of water than ever before. 388 00:18:17,320 --> 00:18:20,280 And the diversity of life there is amazing. 389 00:18:20,320 --> 00:18:21,280 And the more species we discover, 390 00:18:21,320 --> 00:18:24,280 the more we have to compare to the Loch Ness monster 391 00:18:24,320 --> 00:18:26,280 to see if they are matched. 392 00:18:26,320 --> 00:18:27,280 And that approach has yielded 393 00:18:27,320 --> 00:18:30,280 one particularly compelling candidate. 394 00:18:30,320 --> 00:18:33,280 In 2012, biologist Jeremy Wade publicizes a theory 395 00:18:33,320 --> 00:18:35,320 that some scientists have held for years 396 00:18:35,360 --> 00:18:37,320 on the origins of the Loch Ness legend. 397 00:18:37,360 --> 00:18:39,320 Nessie may in fact be a creature 398 00:18:39,360 --> 00:18:41,320 that scientists already know. 399 00:18:41,360 --> 00:18:44,320 A highly elusive, very mysterious species, 400 00:18:44,360 --> 00:18:46,320 but one that is very real. 401 00:18:46,360 --> 00:18:48,320 The Greenland Shark. 402 00:18:48,360 --> 00:18:50,320 Why a Greenland Shark? 403 00:18:50,360 --> 00:18:52,320 Why this animal in particular? 404 00:18:52,360 --> 00:18:55,320 Upon first blush, this theory seems way out there. 405 00:18:55,360 --> 00:18:58,320 For decades, Nessie has been described as more 406 00:18:58,360 --> 00:19:00,320 of a dinosaur-like creature. 407 00:19:00,360 --> 00:19:02,320 But that belief stems from a photo 408 00:19:02,320 --> 00:19:04,360 that we now know to be a hoax. 409 00:19:04,400 --> 00:19:07,360 What if Nessie is not the long-necked beast 410 00:19:07,400 --> 00:19:08,360 in the surgeon's photo, 411 00:19:08,400 --> 00:19:11,360 but something else entirely? 412 00:19:11,400 --> 00:19:13,360 Like Nessie, Greenland sharks are elusive. 413 00:19:13,400 --> 00:19:17,360 They tend to prefer very deep, very cold water. 414 00:19:17,400 --> 00:19:18,360 That makes them hard to study. 415 00:19:18,400 --> 00:19:21,360 They are rarely photographed or filmed. 416 00:19:21,400 --> 00:19:22,360 A lot of what we know about them 417 00:19:22,400 --> 00:19:25,360 has only come to light in the past couple of decades, 418 00:19:25,400 --> 00:19:27,360 despite the fact that our best guess 419 00:19:27,400 --> 00:19:31,360 is they've roamed the earth for over 100 million years. 420 00:19:31,400 --> 00:19:33,400 In fact, the first time one was photographed 421 00:19:33,440 --> 00:19:35,400 wasn't until 1995. 422 00:19:35,440 --> 00:19:36,400 And when you first look at it, 423 00:19:36,440 --> 00:19:38,400 you may not initially see Nessie, 424 00:19:38,440 --> 00:19:40,400 but keep looking and think about 425 00:19:40,440 --> 00:19:42,400 some of the eyewitness accounts. 426 00:19:42,440 --> 00:19:43,400 It could fit. 427 00:19:43,440 --> 00:19:46,400 Greenland sharks are typically mottled gray or brown. 428 00:19:46,440 --> 00:19:50,400 The same colors used to describe the Loch Ness monster. 429 00:19:50,440 --> 00:19:51,400 And they're big. 430 00:19:51,440 --> 00:19:55,400 Greenland sharks can get to, like, 20 feet long 431 00:19:55,440 --> 00:19:57,400 and, like, 4 tons. 432 00:19:57,440 --> 00:20:00,400 So they're very, very large animals. 433 00:20:00,440 --> 00:20:03,440 They can actually be larger than great whites. 434 00:20:06,440 --> 00:20:09,440 Unlike most sharks, they have a small dorsal fin. 435 00:20:09,480 --> 00:20:12,440 If a normal shark were cruising along the surface of Loch Ness, 436 00:20:12,480 --> 00:20:13,440 people would know it. 437 00:20:13,480 --> 00:20:15,440 It's instantly recognizable. 438 00:20:15,480 --> 00:20:17,440 But the odd stubby fin of the Greenland shark 439 00:20:17,480 --> 00:20:19,440 could easily be mistaken for something else, 440 00:20:19,480 --> 00:20:22,440 possibly the head or hump of some kind of sea monster. 441 00:20:22,480 --> 00:20:25,440 Which definitely applies to most sightings of Nessie. 442 00:20:25,480 --> 00:20:28,440 Witnesses often describe multiple humps 443 00:20:28,480 --> 00:20:29,440 undulating through the water. 444 00:20:29,440 --> 00:20:32,480 When you think back to the time of St. Colomba, 445 00:20:32,520 --> 00:20:33,480 through the Middle Ages, 446 00:20:33,520 --> 00:20:36,480 and the Nessie sightings even up to the 1800s, 447 00:20:36,520 --> 00:20:39,480 there are still people around who believe in things like mermaids 448 00:20:39,520 --> 00:20:42,480 and all kinds of fantastical creatures. 449 00:20:42,520 --> 00:20:44,480 So it's not surprising that somebody could catch a glimpse 450 00:20:44,520 --> 00:20:47,480 of a bizarre-looking shark like this 451 00:20:47,520 --> 00:20:51,480 and think that it is a monster in Loch Ness or the River Ness. 452 00:20:51,520 --> 00:20:54,480 I mean, it kind of does look like a monster. 453 00:20:54,520 --> 00:20:56,480 According to some scientists, 454 00:20:56,520 --> 00:20:58,480 Greenland sharks also move, 455 00:20:58,520 --> 00:21:00,520 like the Loch Ness monster. 456 00:21:00,560 --> 00:21:04,520 So most people imagine sharks as being fast, agile hunters. 457 00:21:04,560 --> 00:21:09,520 You think of like a great white or a Mako shark chasing down a meal. 458 00:21:09,560 --> 00:21:12,520 Nessie sightings tend to describe a slow-moving animal. 459 00:21:12,560 --> 00:21:15,520 Greenland sharks live in a completely different habitat 460 00:21:15,560 --> 00:21:17,520 where the water is really cold 461 00:21:17,560 --> 00:21:19,520 and they have a very slow metabolism. 462 00:21:19,560 --> 00:21:22,520 So they swim slowly, they eat slowly, 463 00:21:22,560 --> 00:21:25,520 they do everything slowly. 464 00:21:25,560 --> 00:21:27,520 That is why they're sometimes called sleeper sharks. 465 00:21:27,520 --> 00:21:29,560 If an enormous Greenland shark surfaced 466 00:21:29,600 --> 00:21:32,560 and moved along the water of Loch Ness that slowly, 467 00:21:32,600 --> 00:21:34,560 it's easy to see how it could be misconstrued 468 00:21:34,600 --> 00:21:36,560 as something other than a shark. 469 00:21:36,600 --> 00:21:38,560 And why don't we see Nessie very often? 470 00:21:38,600 --> 00:21:40,560 Because a shark doesn't have to come up for air. 471 00:21:40,600 --> 00:21:43,560 It may occasionally make its way to the shallows, 472 00:21:43,600 --> 00:21:44,560 but not very often. 473 00:21:44,600 --> 00:21:46,560 These Greenlands love the depths. 474 00:21:46,600 --> 00:21:48,560 The problem with the Greenland shark theory 475 00:21:48,600 --> 00:21:51,560 is that Loch Ness is a body of fresh water. 476 00:21:51,600 --> 00:21:53,560 For a long time, we've thought that Greenland sharks 477 00:21:53,600 --> 00:21:55,560 are saltwater creatures. 478 00:21:55,600 --> 00:21:58,600 But new evidence suggests otherwise. 479 00:21:58,640 --> 00:22:00,600 Greenland sharks have recently been filmed 480 00:22:00,640 --> 00:22:02,600 in Canada's St. Lawrence River. 481 00:22:02,640 --> 00:22:05,600 In fact, they go all up and down the St. Lawrence Seaway 482 00:22:05,640 --> 00:22:07,600 through America and Canada, 483 00:22:07,640 --> 00:22:08,600 and that is entirely fresh water. 484 00:22:08,640 --> 00:22:12,600 A similar freshwater route connects Loch Ness with the North Sea. 485 00:22:12,640 --> 00:22:16,600 If Greenland sharks can live in both freshwater and seawater, 486 00:22:16,640 --> 00:22:19,600 it's entirely possible one could survive in Loch Ness 487 00:22:19,640 --> 00:22:21,600 or at least migrate in from time to time. 488 00:22:21,640 --> 00:22:24,600 Maybe there's even a chance that the Stranse beast remains 489 00:22:24,600 --> 00:22:27,640 were misinterpreted, and it was some kind of large shark 490 00:22:27,680 --> 00:22:29,640 that was capable of going back and forth 491 00:22:29,680 --> 00:22:30,640 between the sea and the Loch. 492 00:22:30,680 --> 00:22:33,640 All of this evidence excites the scientific community. 493 00:22:33,680 --> 00:22:36,640 There are so many similarities between Greenland sharks and Nessie, 494 00:22:36,680 --> 00:22:39,640 experts think that they've solved the mystery. 495 00:22:40,680 --> 00:22:44,640 A 2016 experiment at the University of Copenhagen 496 00:22:44,680 --> 00:22:46,640 only adds to that excitement. 497 00:22:46,680 --> 00:22:48,640 These scientists take 28 Greenland sharks 498 00:22:48,680 --> 00:22:52,640 and have them radiocarbon dated to determine their age. 499 00:22:52,680 --> 00:22:56,680 Shockingly, one of them is over 400 years old. 500 00:22:56,720 --> 00:22:59,680 400 years makes the Greenland shark 501 00:22:59,720 --> 00:23:01,680 the world's longest living vertebrate. 502 00:23:01,720 --> 00:23:04,680 To give you an idea of how incredibly old this is, 503 00:23:04,720 --> 00:23:06,680 there could be a shark swimming out there 504 00:23:06,720 --> 00:23:09,680 that was alive before the pilgrims left England on the Mayflower. 505 00:23:09,720 --> 00:23:12,680 The team also finds that these sharks only grow 506 00:23:12,720 --> 00:23:14,680 about a centimeter every year, 507 00:23:14,720 --> 00:23:16,680 and they don't even reach sexual maturity 508 00:23:16,720 --> 00:23:19,680 until they're about 150 years old. 509 00:23:19,720 --> 00:23:21,720 For some, this seals the deal 510 00:23:21,760 --> 00:23:24,720 that the Loch Ness monster is a Greenland shark. 511 00:23:24,760 --> 00:23:26,720 That longevity could be key 512 00:23:26,760 --> 00:23:28,720 to how isolated the sightings have been. 513 00:23:28,760 --> 00:23:31,720 Nessie seems to be a solitary creature. 514 00:23:31,760 --> 00:23:33,720 No one has ever seen two at once. 515 00:23:33,760 --> 00:23:37,720 Most animals, you would need a family of them living in the Loch 516 00:23:37,760 --> 00:23:39,720 and regularly breeding to account 517 00:23:39,760 --> 00:23:41,720 for so many years of regular sightings. 518 00:23:41,760 --> 00:23:45,720 One single Greenland shark could be responsible 519 00:23:45,760 --> 00:23:48,720 for all of the sightings dating back to the 1600s. 520 00:23:48,760 --> 00:23:52,760 To find out if a Greenland shark is living in Loch Ness, 521 00:23:52,800 --> 00:23:55,760 a team looks for proof in 2017. 522 00:23:55,800 --> 00:23:58,760 A team of scientists led by Dr. Neil Gemmel 523 00:23:58,800 --> 00:24:01,760 from the University of Otago in New Zealand 524 00:24:01,800 --> 00:24:03,760 did a really interesting study. 525 00:24:03,800 --> 00:24:05,760 They went to Loch Ness, 526 00:24:05,800 --> 00:24:08,760 and they took water samples all over the lake, 527 00:24:08,800 --> 00:24:10,760 the middle, the sides, the ends, everywhere. 528 00:24:10,800 --> 00:24:12,760 From a half a liter of water, 529 00:24:12,800 --> 00:24:17,760 we can get a very, very good catalog of life within the lock. 530 00:24:17,800 --> 00:24:20,800 They did a DNA analysis of all the DNA 531 00:24:20,840 --> 00:24:21,800 that they found in that water. 532 00:24:21,840 --> 00:24:23,800 So, in theory, any living creature 533 00:24:23,840 --> 00:24:27,800 that has been in that water would leave a DNA trace. 534 00:24:27,840 --> 00:24:29,800 If there's a shark in there, they'll know, 535 00:24:29,840 --> 00:24:31,800 along with anything else that might be swimming around. 536 00:24:31,840 --> 00:24:35,800 After two years, on September 5th, 2019, 537 00:24:35,840 --> 00:24:37,800 they announced their results. 538 00:24:37,840 --> 00:24:39,800 First and foremost, they found no evidence 539 00:24:39,840 --> 00:24:42,800 of Jurassic-era animals, including plusiosaurus. 540 00:24:42,840 --> 00:24:45,800 But more importantly, they found no evidence 541 00:24:45,840 --> 00:24:49,840 of shark DNA, including Greenland sharks. 542 00:24:49,880 --> 00:24:51,840 If we think the creature might be migrating 543 00:24:51,880 --> 00:24:52,840 in and out of the lock, 544 00:24:52,880 --> 00:24:54,840 and maybe it's been away for a while, 545 00:24:54,880 --> 00:24:56,840 perhaps the shark is still a candidate for Nessie. 546 00:24:56,880 --> 00:25:00,840 But that DNA test makes things a whole lot less likely. 547 00:25:00,880 --> 00:25:02,840 This study wasn't completely fruitless, though, 548 00:25:02,880 --> 00:25:05,840 because they did find the DNA of countless other species, 549 00:25:05,880 --> 00:25:07,840 including an incredibly large deposit 550 00:25:07,880 --> 00:25:10,840 of another potential Nessie candidate. 551 00:25:10,880 --> 00:25:13,880 Across nearly 1,500 years of sightings, 552 00:25:13,920 --> 00:25:16,880 witnesses and scientists alike have been fascinated 553 00:25:16,920 --> 00:25:19,880 with the mystery of Scotland's beloved Nessie. 554 00:25:19,920 --> 00:25:23,880 But a closer look at results from a 2019 DNA test 555 00:25:23,920 --> 00:25:28,880 might finally reveal the secrets of what's living in Loch Ness. 556 00:25:29,920 --> 00:25:31,880 Throughout the years, since at least the 1960s, 557 00:25:31,920 --> 00:25:33,880 and maybe even before, 558 00:25:33,920 --> 00:25:36,880 modern technology has been used to try and solve 559 00:25:36,920 --> 00:25:38,880 the mystery of the Nessie. 560 00:25:38,920 --> 00:25:40,920 Everything from sonar to thermal imaging 561 00:25:40,960 --> 00:25:42,920 to hydrophonic sound waves. 562 00:25:42,960 --> 00:25:45,920 But none of these techniques have given us concrete results 563 00:25:45,960 --> 00:25:48,920 or gotten us any closer to legitimate answers. 564 00:25:48,960 --> 00:25:51,920 However, anybody who has ever watched a crime show 565 00:25:51,960 --> 00:25:54,920 knows that the best evidence to provide the identity 566 00:25:54,960 --> 00:25:57,920 of the culprit is DNA evidence. 567 00:25:57,960 --> 00:26:01,920 In 2019, a team of scientists from New Zealand 568 00:26:01,960 --> 00:26:04,920 finally complete their DNA analysis of water 569 00:26:04,960 --> 00:26:06,920 from the Nessie area. 570 00:26:06,960 --> 00:26:09,960 They find about 3,000 species, if you can believe it. 571 00:26:10,000 --> 00:26:12,960 Most of those are tiny plankton, roundworms, nematodes, 572 00:26:13,000 --> 00:26:14,960 small crustaceans. 573 00:26:15,000 --> 00:26:17,960 Of the larger fish, they find salmon, pike, 574 00:26:18,000 --> 00:26:19,960 stickleback, lamprey, a few others. 575 00:26:20,000 --> 00:26:22,960 They even find DNA of land-based creatures 576 00:26:23,000 --> 00:26:25,960 that sometimes end up in the water for one reason or another, 577 00:26:26,000 --> 00:26:27,960 including two-year-old Nessie. 578 00:26:28,000 --> 00:26:29,960 They also find a large number of species 579 00:26:30,000 --> 00:26:31,960 that are found in the Nessie area. 580 00:26:32,000 --> 00:26:33,960 They also find a large number of species 581 00:26:34,000 --> 00:26:35,960 that are found in the Nessie area. 582 00:26:35,960 --> 00:26:39,000 They also find other species, including dogs, cattle, 583 00:26:39,040 --> 00:26:41,000 sheep, rabbits, and even humans. 584 00:26:41,040 --> 00:26:44,000 This tells us that this test is very sensitive. 585 00:26:44,040 --> 00:26:47,000 Even animals that rarely go in the lock are detected, 586 00:26:47,040 --> 00:26:50,000 but the largest amount of DNA they find 587 00:26:50,040 --> 00:26:53,000 that is detected in almost every single sample 588 00:26:53,040 --> 00:26:55,000 is eel DNA. 589 00:26:57,000 --> 00:27:00,000 There are a ton of eels in Loch Ness. 590 00:27:00,040 --> 00:27:03,000 It is one of the principle spawning grounds 591 00:27:03,040 --> 00:27:05,000 of the European eel. 592 00:27:05,000 --> 00:27:09,040 Now, most of these eels, they only grow to be about 0.8 meters. 593 00:27:09,040 --> 00:27:11,320 So they're not exactly monsters. 594 00:27:11,320 --> 00:27:15,120 But could there be a monster eel? 595 00:27:15,120 --> 00:27:16,720 Very possible. 596 00:27:16,720 --> 00:27:20,080 Every single sampling site that we went to pretty much had eels. 597 00:27:20,080 --> 00:27:23,720 And the sheer volume of it was a bit of a surprise. 598 00:27:23,720 --> 00:27:26,920 The largest eel in the region is the European conger. 599 00:27:26,920 --> 00:27:31,920 It can grow to almost 10 feet long and weigh up to 160 pounds. 600 00:27:31,920 --> 00:27:33,840 Could that be messy? 601 00:27:33,840 --> 00:27:35,280 Eels are migratory fish. 602 00:27:35,280 --> 00:27:38,200 So if someone saw an eel in Loch Ness, 603 00:27:38,200 --> 00:27:40,520 it's pretty easy to assume that they could think 604 00:27:40,520 --> 00:27:42,080 that that's the Loch Ness monster. 605 00:27:42,080 --> 00:27:44,640 Once you have an eel in mind and you look back at the videos 606 00:27:44,640 --> 00:27:49,280 and images of Nessie, you realize it could be possible. 607 00:27:49,280 --> 00:27:53,760 Especially if you analyze the way both Nessie and Eels move. 608 00:27:53,760 --> 00:27:56,360 The Loch Ness monster has often been described 609 00:27:56,360 --> 00:27:59,560 as a serpentine-like monster. 610 00:27:59,560 --> 00:28:03,320 Maybe snake-like or perhaps eel-like. 611 00:28:03,440 --> 00:28:06,240 If any animal could look like a sea monster, 612 00:28:06,240 --> 00:28:08,240 an eel is a prime candidate. 613 00:28:08,240 --> 00:28:10,680 It really has a classic serpentine look. 614 00:28:10,680 --> 00:28:14,560 Eels move in a slithery sort of snake-like way 615 00:28:14,560 --> 00:28:16,400 where their body curves. 616 00:28:16,400 --> 00:28:19,040 And that's exactly what people say 617 00:28:19,040 --> 00:28:20,760 the Loch Ness monster looks like. 618 00:28:20,760 --> 00:28:23,840 So it's really possible that they saw an eel 619 00:28:23,840 --> 00:28:27,120 with those hump-like shapes. 620 00:28:27,120 --> 00:28:29,800 And they thought, that's the Loch Ness monster. 621 00:28:30,800 --> 00:28:35,560 A 2007 video shot by retired engineer Gordon Holmes 622 00:28:35,560 --> 00:28:37,800 seems to support this theory. 623 00:28:37,800 --> 00:28:40,800 In 2007, Holmes makes some trips to Loch Ness 624 00:28:40,800 --> 00:28:43,960 to perform some amateur experiments just for fun. 625 00:28:43,960 --> 00:28:47,560 At first, he records some sounds using hydrophonic equipment. 626 00:28:47,560 --> 00:28:50,760 Then he sets up a camera to capture video of the lake. 627 00:28:50,760 --> 00:28:53,840 But he doesn't find anything out of the ordinary. 628 00:28:53,840 --> 00:28:58,440 That is, until his visit on May 26th. 629 00:28:58,560 --> 00:29:01,520 Holmes spots a movement in the water as he's driving 630 00:29:01,520 --> 00:29:05,280 and pulls over and grabs his camcorder. 631 00:29:05,280 --> 00:29:08,480 His footage clearly shows some type of large animal 632 00:29:08,480 --> 00:29:09,760 moving through the water. 633 00:29:09,760 --> 00:29:11,960 Though it's hard to tell, it appears as though it's moving 634 00:29:11,960 --> 00:29:15,960 in a serpentine fashion, almost slithering through the lock. 635 00:29:15,960 --> 00:29:18,280 This is some of the best video ever captured 636 00:29:18,280 --> 00:29:20,680 of a creature on the surface of Loch Ness. 637 00:29:20,680 --> 00:29:23,920 Holmes purposely zooms in and out while he's shooting 638 00:29:23,920 --> 00:29:26,600 to make sure the shoreline and other landmarks are visible 639 00:29:26,640 --> 00:29:28,640 so the footage can be analyzed later. 640 00:29:30,080 --> 00:29:32,840 Holmes sends his footage to a forensic team 641 00:29:32,840 --> 00:29:36,000 to determine the animal's size and speed. 642 00:29:36,000 --> 00:29:38,400 They find that it's 10 to 15 feet long 643 00:29:38,400 --> 00:29:41,120 and swimming at a speed of six miles per hour. 644 00:29:41,120 --> 00:29:42,680 Based on movement analysis, 645 00:29:42,680 --> 00:29:46,720 they find a strong likelihood that this animal isn't eel. 646 00:29:46,720 --> 00:29:49,680 Eels are the most common animals in the lock, 647 00:29:49,680 --> 00:29:53,840 and it's very likely that most of the sightings over the year 648 00:29:53,840 --> 00:29:55,640 have been related to eels. 649 00:29:55,680 --> 00:29:58,040 At the time, this is long before the discovery 650 00:29:58,040 --> 00:29:59,720 of eel DNA in the lock, 651 00:29:59,720 --> 00:30:02,040 so they come to this conclusion all on their own. 652 00:30:02,040 --> 00:30:04,840 Eels can also appear brownish-grey in the water 653 00:30:04,840 --> 00:30:08,320 and have very smooth skin, like the messy descriptions. 654 00:30:08,320 --> 00:30:10,240 The so-called humps that people see 655 00:30:10,240 --> 00:30:13,520 could be the serpentine curves of the eel as it swims, 656 00:30:13,520 --> 00:30:15,760 and the whole long, thin neck concept 657 00:30:15,760 --> 00:30:17,640 could fit with the eel as well. 658 00:30:17,640 --> 00:30:20,440 They have a long, thin everything. 659 00:30:20,440 --> 00:30:22,680 But at 10 to 15 feet long, 660 00:30:22,680 --> 00:30:24,640 if Holmes' research is correct, 661 00:30:24,640 --> 00:30:27,240 there would still be an eel of massive proportions. 662 00:30:28,880 --> 00:30:33,120 And in fact, they did develop an amazing new science 663 00:30:33,120 --> 00:30:36,800 and a way to study bodies of water and what lives in them. 664 00:30:36,800 --> 00:30:40,120 But of course, potentially identifying the Loch Ness monster 665 00:30:40,120 --> 00:30:43,160 brings a ton more attention to their research. 666 00:30:46,520 --> 00:30:51,440 When a DNA profile of life in Loch Ness is completed in 2019, 667 00:30:51,440 --> 00:30:54,000 it uncovers a wide array of species, 668 00:30:54,040 --> 00:30:56,640 but it doesn't identify everything. 669 00:30:56,640 --> 00:30:58,720 Some of Nessie's most passionate researchers 670 00:30:58,720 --> 00:31:02,520 are quick to note that according to the full 2019 report, 671 00:31:02,520 --> 00:31:06,480 the source of 20% of the DNA collected is unknown, 672 00:31:06,480 --> 00:31:09,880 and that opens up a whole new world of possibilities. 673 00:31:09,880 --> 00:31:14,560 Maybe the monster isn't a plesiosaur or a shark or an eel 674 00:31:14,560 --> 00:31:17,400 or any species that we've even encountered before. 675 00:31:17,400 --> 00:31:20,640 All of the previous attempts to prove that it is this animal 676 00:31:20,640 --> 00:31:23,400 or this other animal have been destined to fail 677 00:31:23,520 --> 00:31:25,320 because it's none of these. 678 00:31:25,320 --> 00:31:28,720 We may not know what it is because we just don't know what it is. 679 00:31:28,720 --> 00:31:31,600 Based on all this unidentified DNA, 680 00:31:31,600 --> 00:31:33,640 could Nessie be a completely undiscovered, 681 00:31:33,640 --> 00:31:35,480 previously unknown species? 682 00:31:39,520 --> 00:31:42,240 If there's one thing that all underwater explorers 683 00:31:42,240 --> 00:31:44,040 and scientists can agree on, 684 00:31:44,040 --> 00:31:48,120 it's that we have not found all the species in the ocean. 685 00:31:48,120 --> 00:31:51,440 There are hundreds of thousands, maybe millions of species, 686 00:31:51,480 --> 00:31:53,880 that we haven't found or classified yet. 687 00:31:53,880 --> 00:31:57,160 There's stuff out there that we don't know anything about. 688 00:31:57,160 --> 00:32:02,080 If Nessie's species is unknown, how can we ever identify it? 689 00:32:02,080 --> 00:32:05,600 Pretty much the only way we can properly identify new species, 690 00:32:05,600 --> 00:32:08,680 whether it's a tiny insect or a giant lake monster, 691 00:32:08,680 --> 00:32:10,000 is to find a specimen. 692 00:32:10,000 --> 00:32:12,560 That's how science proves and classifies new animals, 693 00:32:12,560 --> 00:32:14,320 plants and even bacteria. 694 00:32:14,320 --> 00:32:16,600 Either living or dead, we have to capture one. 695 00:32:17,520 --> 00:32:18,800 As far as we can tell, 696 00:32:18,800 --> 00:32:21,680 nobody has ever captured a Loch Ness monster. 697 00:32:21,680 --> 00:32:25,280 There may have once been those remains on the Isle of Stronse, 698 00:32:25,280 --> 00:32:27,680 but we're not actually sure it's the same animal, 699 00:32:27,680 --> 00:32:30,400 and in any case, none of that DNA survived. 700 00:32:30,400 --> 00:32:33,840 So there's no way to compare the Stronse beast DNA 701 00:32:33,840 --> 00:32:36,320 with the unknown DNA that we have from the Loch. 702 00:32:37,400 --> 00:32:41,360 So we're stuck with trying to catch this elusive animal in Loch Ness. 703 00:32:41,360 --> 00:32:45,080 But for 1,500 years, no one has even come close. 704 00:32:45,080 --> 00:32:46,720 We're still trying to get a good photograph, 705 00:32:46,720 --> 00:32:48,720 let alone trap the thing. 706 00:32:48,720 --> 00:32:54,160 The problem lies in the incredibly challenging conditions at Loch Ness. 707 00:32:54,160 --> 00:32:56,560 First off, Loch Ness is huge. 708 00:32:56,560 --> 00:32:59,120 It's 23 miles long, it's a mile wide, 709 00:32:59,120 --> 00:33:03,120 and the most important thing, 750 feet deep, 710 00:33:03,120 --> 00:33:06,040 which is impressively deep for any lake. 711 00:33:06,040 --> 00:33:10,800 It contains more water than any other lake in the UK. 712 00:33:10,800 --> 00:33:13,040 In fact, it contains as much water 713 00:33:13,040 --> 00:33:16,120 as all the lakes in England and Wales combined. 714 00:33:16,120 --> 00:33:19,360 So it's a large place to look for a monster. 715 00:33:21,480 --> 00:33:25,120 But the size isn't the only reason it's hard to explore. 716 00:33:25,120 --> 00:33:27,000 Loch Ness is full of peat, 717 00:33:27,000 --> 00:33:30,560 which is organic matter from plants that's constantly breaking down in water. 718 00:33:30,560 --> 00:33:33,280 It makes the water dark brown, almost black. 719 00:33:33,280 --> 00:33:36,120 Visibility is only a couple of feet at most. 720 00:33:36,120 --> 00:33:38,760 And even if you were to dive down for a look around, 721 00:33:38,760 --> 00:33:40,840 the temperature is not survivable. 722 00:33:40,840 --> 00:33:44,960 Loch Ness has an average surface temperature of 42 degrees Fahrenheit. 723 00:33:44,960 --> 00:33:46,960 And as soon as you get about 20 feet down, 724 00:33:46,960 --> 00:33:49,160 it has what is known as a thermocline. 725 00:33:49,160 --> 00:33:52,880 It's a stratification of the water, almost like an invisible wall, 726 00:33:52,880 --> 00:33:56,240 where suddenly the temperature can drop 10 or 20 degrees. 727 00:33:56,240 --> 00:33:58,720 Without a very advanced modern dry suit, 728 00:33:58,720 --> 00:34:03,240 a diver could freeze to death and drown in about six minutes. 729 00:34:03,240 --> 00:34:07,400 I'm not sure that this thing is possible to catch in Loch Ness. 730 00:34:07,400 --> 00:34:11,600 But could another lake linked to Loch Ness by a waterway 731 00:34:11,600 --> 00:34:15,280 offer fresh hope of capturing a creature like Nessie? 732 00:34:16,280 --> 00:34:19,400 According to some, the answer is yes. 733 00:34:19,400 --> 00:34:23,760 And Sweden's Storzjan lake is the ideal location. 734 00:34:23,760 --> 00:34:26,720 Both are fresh water and fairly cold. 735 00:34:26,720 --> 00:34:31,440 Both share similar biological diversity, oxygen levels, etc. 736 00:34:31,440 --> 00:34:35,440 If something can live in Loch Ness, it could most likely live here too. 737 00:34:35,440 --> 00:34:39,560 Like Loch Ness, it has a long history of monster sightings. 738 00:34:39,600 --> 00:34:42,240 There have been centuries of reported sightings of a creature 739 00:34:42,240 --> 00:34:44,280 with the same physical description. 740 00:34:44,280 --> 00:34:46,960 In Swedish, it's called Storzjurjurt, 741 00:34:46,960 --> 00:34:50,720 which literally translates to the Great Lake Monster. 742 00:34:50,720 --> 00:34:52,880 It's first written about on a rune stone 743 00:34:52,880 --> 00:34:55,680 that dates all the way back to the year 1050. 744 00:34:55,680 --> 00:35:00,120 It's got this depiction of a long, serpentine water monster on it. 745 00:35:00,120 --> 00:35:03,600 Conditions in the two lakes are similar, 746 00:35:03,600 --> 00:35:05,640 but there's one key difference. 747 00:35:05,640 --> 00:35:08,320 Storzjan lake is much cleaner and clearer 748 00:35:08,320 --> 00:35:11,080 and much less hazardous to explore. 749 00:35:11,080 --> 00:35:14,760 And that makes spotting a monster much easier. 750 00:35:14,760 --> 00:35:17,200 Thanks to much more favorable conditions, 751 00:35:17,200 --> 00:35:21,040 the Storzjurjurt has been captured easily on video from far away, 752 00:35:21,040 --> 00:35:25,400 most recently in a 2008 documentary that also shot infrared footage. 753 00:35:25,400 --> 00:35:28,760 And attempts to track the specimen have already been mounted. 754 00:35:28,760 --> 00:35:32,080 Researchers at the Lake Monster Center in Storzjan 755 00:35:32,080 --> 00:35:34,840 plan to continue their search efforts. 756 00:35:34,840 --> 00:35:36,760 If they're successful, all we have to do 757 00:35:36,760 --> 00:35:41,720 is compare the Swedish creature's DNA to all the unknown DNA from Loch Ness. 758 00:35:41,720 --> 00:35:44,560 If any of it matches, we've identified our monster 759 00:35:44,560 --> 00:35:46,800 and discovered a brand new species. 760 00:35:46,800 --> 00:35:51,320 That would be among one of the most incredible scientific discoveries in history. 761 00:35:51,320 --> 00:35:55,480 As many as 18,000 new species are identified every single year. 762 00:35:55,480 --> 00:35:57,240 So the possibility is out there. 763 00:35:57,240 --> 00:36:00,840 I hope one day we can add Nessie to that list. 764 00:36:03,720 --> 00:36:06,280 Over long centuries, many theories have emerged 765 00:36:06,280 --> 00:36:11,320 about the origins and existence of the mysterious Loch Ness monster. 766 00:36:11,320 --> 00:36:15,720 Each offers an intriguing possibility, but none are airtight. 767 00:36:15,720 --> 00:36:18,000 You say, hey, maybe it's a plesiosaur, 768 00:36:18,000 --> 00:36:20,560 but there's no evidence any of them survived extinction 769 00:36:20,560 --> 00:36:24,240 and we'd see an air-breathing creature much more often. 770 00:36:24,240 --> 00:36:28,600 So maybe it's a Greenland shark, but shark DNA wasn't found in the lock. 771 00:36:28,600 --> 00:36:30,640 Well, what about all the eel DNA? 772 00:36:30,640 --> 00:36:33,960 But couldn't eel even a giant one grow that big? 773 00:36:34,040 --> 00:36:36,560 What about the thing that washed up in Stronse, 774 00:36:36,560 --> 00:36:39,000 or the similar lake monster in Sweden? 775 00:36:39,000 --> 00:36:43,480 To be honest, any one of these creatures could be what was spotted in Loch Ness. 776 00:36:43,480 --> 00:36:46,840 Or perhaps it's more accurate to say all of these things could be. 777 00:36:47,720 --> 00:36:52,280 What if it's not Loch Ness monster, but monsters? 778 00:36:56,200 --> 00:36:59,880 We talk about the Loch Ness monster as this monotypic creature. 779 00:36:59,880 --> 00:37:01,400 Like, there's just one of it. 780 00:37:01,400 --> 00:37:03,840 There's only ever been one Nessie. 781 00:37:03,880 --> 00:37:09,000 But given the time period, 1500 years of sightings, that's highly unlikely. 782 00:37:09,000 --> 00:37:11,360 There's absolutely no reason it has to be one thing 783 00:37:11,360 --> 00:37:14,080 and the same thing over centuries. 784 00:37:14,080 --> 00:37:16,240 Let's start with the eel theory. 785 00:37:16,240 --> 00:37:19,680 For sure, some of the things that people have seen in the lock over the years 786 00:37:19,680 --> 00:37:20,720 have been eels. 787 00:37:20,720 --> 00:37:23,960 Just look at the Gordon Holmes footage and that's obvious. 788 00:37:23,960 --> 00:37:25,640 It's a common animal in the lock. 789 00:37:25,640 --> 00:37:29,720 And when you're scanning from far away, looking for any kind of movement on the surface, 790 00:37:29,720 --> 00:37:32,920 a large swimming eel could certainly catch your attention. 791 00:37:32,920 --> 00:37:34,440 How about a Greenland shark? 792 00:37:34,440 --> 00:37:36,760 Well, we know they're swimming around in the North Sea 793 00:37:36,760 --> 00:37:40,880 and they can and do sometimes go upriver in the freshwater areas. 794 00:37:40,880 --> 00:37:45,440 It's quite likely a predator like that could follow a bunch of salmon into the river Ness 795 00:37:45,440 --> 00:37:48,720 and could conceivably make it all the way into the lock. 796 00:37:48,720 --> 00:37:53,280 A lot of animals that sharks like to eat make that trip, including seals. 797 00:37:53,280 --> 00:37:56,480 While there wasn't any shark DNA in 2019, 798 00:37:56,480 --> 00:37:59,560 there is still a good chance that a shark has been spotted in the lock 799 00:37:59,560 --> 00:38:02,320 across the thousands of other sites. 800 00:38:02,320 --> 00:38:05,520 And what about the Plesiosaur theory? 801 00:38:05,520 --> 00:38:09,920 I don't necessarily think there's a living, breathing Plesiosaur 802 00:38:09,920 --> 00:38:11,280 that is swimming around there. 803 00:38:11,280 --> 00:38:15,960 But I do think the Plesiosaur may be what's behind the legend. 804 00:38:15,960 --> 00:38:20,640 Scotland and the UK in general are teeming with Plesiosaur fossils, 805 00:38:20,640 --> 00:38:23,720 fully intact skeletons of creatures that back in the Middle Ages 806 00:38:23,720 --> 00:38:26,160 would have been assumed to be monsters. 807 00:38:26,160 --> 00:38:29,040 Water beasts just like St. Colombo saw. 808 00:38:29,120 --> 00:38:33,960 Imagine in 500 or 600 AD, you stumble upon the remains of a Plesiosaur. 809 00:38:33,960 --> 00:38:36,200 You would certainly tell your buddies back at the alehouse 810 00:38:36,200 --> 00:38:38,960 about the crazy giant long-necked creature. 811 00:38:38,960 --> 00:38:44,080 It's quite possible that this tail eventually morphed into the Loch Ness monster legend. 812 00:38:44,080 --> 00:38:47,640 As for the strontae beast, whatever it is, it really doesn't matter. 813 00:38:47,640 --> 00:38:49,640 If it washed up on the shore of the island, 814 00:38:49,640 --> 00:38:54,320 we know there's a direct path of waterway that connects back to the Loch Ness. 815 00:38:54,320 --> 00:38:58,640 And any migratory creature, whether it's a shark, a whale, or anything less, 816 00:38:58,640 --> 00:39:01,720 could be swimming back and forth from the sea to the Loch. 817 00:39:01,720 --> 00:39:05,600 Some of the Loch Ness sightings could be the same animal. 818 00:39:05,600 --> 00:39:10,000 Or perhaps an unidentified animal from even further away. 819 00:39:10,000 --> 00:39:13,280 Across 1500 years, some of the Loch Ness sightings 820 00:39:13,280 --> 00:39:15,880 may well be an unidentified new species. 821 00:39:15,880 --> 00:39:18,280 Even the DNA results bear that out. 822 00:39:18,280 --> 00:39:21,360 They can't identify every living thing in the Loch. 823 00:39:21,360 --> 00:39:24,480 But if Sweden's Storysjön lake is hiding the same species, 824 00:39:24,480 --> 00:39:26,880 maybe we'll have an incredible discovery soon. 825 00:39:26,920 --> 00:39:31,840 Still, even if they identify the Storysjön djørt and identify one in Loch Ness as well, 826 00:39:31,840 --> 00:39:36,080 that doesn't mean that Gordon Holmes didn't see an eel, or others didn't see other animals. 827 00:39:36,080 --> 00:39:41,040 A new species would be a revelation, but remain only one piece of the puzzle. 828 00:39:41,040 --> 00:39:45,920 And still, there will always be those people who believe Nessie is a hoax. 829 00:39:45,920 --> 00:39:50,720 We know for a fact that plenty of Nessie witnesses have been duped by hoaxes. 830 00:39:50,720 --> 00:39:54,640 It happened to a sonar team that found a movie prop. 831 00:39:54,720 --> 00:39:58,000 And in fact, it happened to millions of people around the globe, 832 00:39:58,000 --> 00:40:00,080 thanks to the surgeon's photograph. 833 00:40:00,080 --> 00:40:03,600 So yes, Nessie is also a hoax, but not just a hoax. 834 00:40:03,600 --> 00:40:06,320 There's much more to the monster than that. 835 00:40:06,320 --> 00:40:10,480 One day we may get the perfect biopsy, the perfect picture, 836 00:40:10,480 --> 00:40:14,400 the perfect bone specimen, or maybe a strange long-necked creature 837 00:40:14,400 --> 00:40:17,040 will just walk right out of the Loch and say hello. 838 00:40:17,040 --> 00:40:20,320 And when that day comes, it'll be time to break out the champagne. 839 00:40:20,320 --> 00:40:22,880 But until then, I think we shouldn't limit our minds 840 00:40:22,960 --> 00:40:26,720 to what Nessie could or couldn't be, because it could be something new next year. 841 00:40:27,280 --> 00:40:30,160 The possibilities are endless, and that is what has kept people 842 00:40:30,160 --> 00:40:32,320 fascinated with Nessie for so long. 843 00:40:35,120 --> 00:40:40,240 Despite the many challenges, thousands of amateur and professional researchers 844 00:40:40,240 --> 00:40:45,360 still spend time at Loch Ness every year, hoping to unmask the monster. 845 00:40:46,080 --> 00:40:50,560 Perhaps modern technology will soon provide us with a clear picture 846 00:40:50,560 --> 00:40:52,560 of what's hiding in the depths. 847 00:40:52,560 --> 00:40:56,080 Until then, there's no shortage of people willing to look. 848 00:40:56,880 --> 00:40:58,080 I'm Lawrence Fishburne. 849 00:40:58,720 --> 00:41:05,840 Thank you for watching History's Greatest Mysteries.